Unprecedented Flooding Devastates Southeastern Australia

In May 2025, southeastern Australia faced unprecedented flooding that resulted in at least five fatalities and extensive damage to over 10,000 properties. Towns such as Taree, Kempsey, and Coffs Harbour were severely affected, with the Manning River in Taree surpassing a century-old flood record. This disaster underscores the escalating threat of climate change-induced extreme weather events.

The catastrophic floods in New South Wales' Mid North Coast, driven by a slow-moving low-pressure system, have not only caused significant human and economic losses but also highlight the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events attributed to climate change. This article examines the events leading to the floods, the immediate impacts, the response efforts, and the broader implications for Australia's climate resilience.

The Flooding Event

The flooding was caused by a stationary low-pressure system that brought days of relentless rainfall to the region. Taree received 427mm of rain over two days, marking its wettest May on record and experiencing one-third of its annual average rainfall from May 19 to 21. The Manning River at Taree broke an almost 100-year record, surpassing the previous high of 6 meters set in 1929.

Impact on Communities

The human toll was significant, with at least five fatalities and numerous injuries reported. Property damage was extensive, affecting over 10,000 properties. Approximately 50,000 residents faced potential evacuation or isolation. Specific towns affected included Taree, Kempsey, Nambucca Heads, Sawtell, Dorrigo, Port Macquarie, and Coffs Harbour.

Emergency Response

The New South Wales State Emergency Service (SES) conducted numerous rescues, with 52 flood rescues reported overnight on May 23. Around 2,500 personnel were deployed to assist with rescues and relief efforts. The state and federal governments activated disaster assistance to areas in 16 local government areas. Prime Minister Anthony Albanese confirmed coordinated efforts among federal, state, and local governments to support affected communities.

Climate Change Connection

Experts attribute the increasing frequency and intensity of such extreme weather events to climate change. The 2025 floods are part of a series of extreme weather events in Australia, following years marked by droughts, bushfires, and repeated floods since 2021. The CSIRO reports that heavy rainfall events are becoming more intense, with short-duration extreme rainfall events increasing by around 10% or more in some regions. A warmer atmosphere can hold more moisture, leading to heavier rainfall.

Historical Context

The 2025 floods are the worst flood disaster in the Mid North Coast region, with access to disaster funding activated at both state and federal levels. The chief executive of Natural Hazards Research Australia, Andrew Gissing, stated that the flooding was the biggest on record for the region and a 1-in-500-year event.

Community Resilience and Recovery

Stories of community support and resilience have emerged in the aftermath of the floods. Residents are facing challenges in rebuilding, and government aid is playing a crucial role in the recovery process.

Conclusion

The May 2025 floods in New South Wales serve as a stark reminder of the escalating impact of climate change on extreme weather events. As Australia continues to experience such disasters, there is a pressing need for enhanced climate adaptation and mitigation strategies to prepare for future extreme weather events.