On April 2, 2025, President Donald Trump announced a comprehensive set of tariffs aimed at reshaping U.S. trade policy. Effective April 5, a universal 10% tariff will be applied to all imported goods, with significantly higher rates imposed on specific countries:

• China: 34%
• Vietnam: 46%
• Japan: 24%
• European Union: 20%

Additionally, a 25% tariff on vehicle imports took immediate effect.

These measures have led to significant volatility in global financial markets. Major U.S. stock indices, including the S&P 500 and Nasdaq, experienced declines exceeding 3% and 4%, respectively. Investors have shifted towards safe-haven assets, resulting in the U.S. dollar reaching a six-month low.

Economists warn that these tariffs could increase annual U.S. household costs by approximately $3,800 and push inflation above 4%, potentially dampening economic growth. The average U.S. tariff rate is now approaching 25%, a level not seen in over a century.

Internationally, affected nations have signaled intentions to retaliate. European Union leaders, including Ursula von der Leyen, have indicated readiness to implement countermeasures. China condemned the measures as destructive to global trade, and Vietnam emphasized that the tariffs contradict the spirit of its strategic partnership with the U.S.

This policy shift has raised concerns about escalating trade tensions and the potential for a global economic downturn.