As of May 7, 2025, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) has begun enforcing the REAL ID Act, requiring travelers aged 18 and over to present a REAL ID-compliant driver's license or identification card to board domestic flights. This enforcement follows multiple extensions since the Act's passage in 2005.

The REAL ID Act was enacted in response to the security vulnerabilities exposed by the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. The Act established minimum security standards for state-issued driver's licenses and identification cards, aiming to enhance the reliability and accuracy of these documents to prevent fraudulent identification. Key provisions include verification requirements, security features, and database sharing among states.

Under the new enforcement, travelers must present a REAL ID-compliant driver's license or identification card, typically marked with a star in the upper right corner. Alternative acceptable forms of identification include U.S. passports, U.S. passport cards, Department of Homeland Security Trusted Traveler cards (such as Global Entry or SENTRI cards), active duty and retired military IDs, and Transportation Worker Identification Credentials. Individuals without a REAL ID or acceptable alternative will not be denied boarding but will undergo additional screening measures, which may include identity verification questions or personal searches.

As of 2025, all U.S. states and territories have been certified as compliant with the REAL ID standards. However, the adoption rate among residents varies. Approximately 81% of U.S. travelers possess REAL ID-compliant licenses or identification cards. States such as West Virginia, Mississippi, and Alabama have higher proportions of residents without passports, making REAL ID compliance particularly critical in these areas. Despite extensive outreach efforts, confusion persists due to the extended rollout period and multiple delays. Some individuals question the necessity of the additional steps and bureaucracy associated with obtaining a REAL ID.

The enforcement of the REAL ID Act carries several implications. The primary goal is to strengthen national security by standardizing identification processes and reducing the risk of fraudulent IDs. Travelers without compliant IDs may experience longer wait times and additional screening, potentially leading to delays and missed flights. Beyond air travel, a REAL ID is required for access to certain federal buildings and nuclear power plants. Departments of Motor Vehicles (DMVs) have faced increased demand, leading to longer wait times and the need for extended hours to accommodate applicants.

The enforcement of the REAL ID Act represents a significant shift in domestic travel requirements, emphasizing the importance of standardized identification for national security. Travelers are encouraged to verify their identification documents and plan accordingly to ensure a smooth travel experience.