South Korean President Yoon Impeached Following Martial Law Declaration

In an unprecedented move on December 3, 2024, South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol declared emergency martial law, citing threats from "North Korean communist forces" and "anti-state forces" within the country. This declaration, the first since 1980, led to swift political upheaval, culminating in Yoon's impeachment and removal from office.

The martial law decree imposed extensive restrictions, including bans on political activities, rallies, and media operations. The National Assembly responded promptly, with 190 out of 300 members voting to nullify the declaration. Facing overwhelming opposition, Yoon rescinded the martial law order within hours.

On December 14, 2024, the National Assembly voted to impeach Yoon, with 204 members in favor, citing unconstitutional actions and abuse of power. The Constitutional Court upheld the impeachment unanimously on April 4, 2025, resulting in Yoon's removal from office.

Following Yoon's removal, a snap presidential election was scheduled for June 3, 2025. The election was characterized by deep political polarization, with the conservative People Power Party and the liberal Democratic Party as the primary contenders. Lee Jae-myung, leader of the Democratic Party and Yoon's rival in the 2022 presidential election, emerged as a leading candidate despite facing legal challenges.

The declaration of martial law and subsequent impeachment of President Yoon had profound societal implications. Mass protests and public demonstrations reflected widespread disapproval of Yoon's actions and a collective demand for accountability. The crisis highlighted the resilience of South Korea's democratic institutions and the public's commitment to upholding democratic norms.

Yoon's actions led to multiple investigations, including charges of insurrection. The Constitutional Court's ruling reinforced the checks and balances within South Korea's political system, affirming that even the highest office is subject to the rule of law. The impeachment also prompted discussions on the necessity of political reforms to prevent future abuses of power.

The political turmoil affected South Korea's relationships with key allies, including the United States, which closely monitored the situation. The crisis occurred amid regional tensions, including increased military activity by North Korea and China.

The events following President Yoon's martial law declaration tested South Korea's democratic resilience, leading to significant political and societal changes. The upcoming presidential election is poised to shape the nation's future domestic policies and international standing.