Sanae Takaichi Becomes Japan's First Female Prime Minister Amid Political Shifts

On October 21, 2025, Japan's parliament elected Sanae Takaichi as the nation's first female prime minister, marking a historic milestone in the country's political landscape. Takaichi, a 64-year-old conservative politician and leader of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), secured 237 out of 465 votes in the lower house, surpassing the majority threshold. (efe.com)

Her election follows the resignation of former Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba, who stepped down after the LDP's significant electoral losses in July. To form a governing coalition, Takaichi entered into an alliance with the right-wing Japan Innovation Party (Ishin), as the LDP's previous coalition with the centrist Komeito party had dissolved. Despite this coalition, her government remains two seats short of a majority in the House of Representatives, raising concerns about its stability. (lemonde.fr)

Takaichi has been a prominent figure in Japanese politics for over three decades. She has held various ministerial positions, including Minister of Internal Affairs and Communications. Known for her ultraconservative views, Takaichi has expressed intentions to strengthen Japan's defense capabilities, enforce stricter immigration controls, and bolster ties with the United States. She has also been critical of Chinese economic practices and has voiced support for reducing economic dependence on China. (en.wikipedia.org)

Domestically, Takaichi opposes same-sex marriage and policies promoting women's advancement, and has appointed only two women to her cabinet. Her nationalist leanings and visits to the controversial Yasukuni Shrine have drawn international attention, particularly from neighboring countries. (lemonde.fr)

Following Takaichi's election, the Nikkei 225 index reached a record high, indicating positive market reactions. However, she faces significant economic challenges, including managing rising inflation and a weak yen. (reuters.com)

Despite mixed domestic and international reactions, leaders such as South Korea’s president and EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen have offered congratulations, acknowledging the historical significance of her appointment. (lemonde.fr)

Takaichi's ascent to the premiership represents a significant moment in Japan's political history. However, her conservative policy positions and the fragile nature of her governing coalition suggest that her tenure may face considerable challenges both domestically and internationally.